第30章 佃农理论英语原著 24
- 作者:张五常
- 类型:综合其他
- 更新时间:2021-07-04 15:14:02
- 章节字数:6482字
[1].UndertheauspicesoftheUniversityofNanking,Buckdirec,whichappeartohavepassedunnoticed,,ed.,LandUtilizationinChina-Statistics-AStudyof16,786Farmsin168Localitiesand38,256FarmFamiliesinTwenty-twoProvincesinChina,1929-1933(Nanking:UniversityofNanking,1937).Duringthepreparationofthisimpressivevolume,BuckwrotethenotedChineseFarmEconomy(1930),andLandUtilizationinChina(1937),,Bucksearlierworksarealsoimportant:AnEconomicandSocialSurveyof102FarmsnearWuhu,Anhwei,China(Nanking,1923);AnEconomicandSocialSurveyof150Farms,YehshanCounty,Hopei,China(Nanking,1926);andFarmOwnershipandTenancyinChina(Shanghai:NationalChristianCouncil,1927).
Surveysbyindependentwritersaside,otherorganizationswhichhavecon-ductedsurveysincludetheDepartmentofInternalAffairs,theRealEstateBureau,theNationalGovernmentStatisticsDepartment,theExecutiveYuan,ther.
[2].Thiscanbeconvenientlydemonstratedinfigure3,(a)isobtainedbyraisingq/h,andcondition(b)byloweringf/www.youxs.org(q-f)hisdefined,
[3].Buck,ChineseFarmEconomy,www.youxs.org.
[4].ChineseNationalGovernment,ShengchingRouteEconomicReport(1931),www.youxs.org.
[5].SeeLegislativeYuan,StatisticalMonthly(1930),2,5;andDepartmentofInternalAffairs,PublicReportsofInternalAffairs(1932),2,1;5,1and2.
[6].,therentalsharerestrictionenactedin1946wasamaximumof25percentoftheyieldforpaddy,and15percentforuplandfields,reflectingarecogniti,AgriculturalLandReformLegislation(Tokyo,1949).
[7].Buck,ChineseFarmEconomy,www.youxs.org(elevenlocalitiesinChina,1921-25),,www.youxs.org.
[8].TheseaveragesareputedfromChen,LandRentsofVariousProvincesinChina(Shanghai:CommercialPress,1936),www.youxs.org.
[9].Theseconditionscanlikewisebedemonstratedbymovingtheq/handflhcurvesinfigure3,chapter2accordingly.
[10].,ModernKorea(NewYork:InstituteofPacificRelations,1944).Theaveragefarmsizesareputedfromdataintable2,www.youxs.org;andthelandpricesareseenintable5,www.youxs.org.
[11].SeeBuck,LandUtilizationinChina,table23,www.youxs.org(NewYork:BookmanAssociates,1958),p.,Statistics,,tables23and26;
[12].Buck,ChineseFarmEconomy,www.youxs.org”fair”rent.
[13].,542farmsinfifteenlocalities,sevenprovinces,erproportionofpaddyfieldsundertenancy,,seeBuck,FarmOwnershipandTenancyinChina.
[14].Bray,”FarmTenancyandProductivityinAgriculture:TheCaseoftheUnitedStates,”FoodResearchInstituteStudies(1963),www.youxs.org:
Theresource-efficiencyargumentissomewhatacademic……Bothtenantandlandlordhaveanincentivetotrytoincreasethemarginalproductivityoftheirownresources……neitherwhollysucceeds……Forexample,alandlordssuggestionthatathirdcultivationofthecornwouldpay(atnocosttohim)maybemetwiththetenantssuggestionthatthelivingroomreallywouldbeimprovedbynewwall-paper(atnocosttohim)[ibid.,www.youxs.org].
Thelackofsignificantdi,,,”RelativeEfficienciesofFarmTenureClassesinIntrafirmResourceAllocation,”ResearchBulletin461(IowaAgriculturalandHomeEconomicsExperimentStation,November,1958),pp.,however,tconstraintsonpetitionmighthaveaffectedresourceuseunderdifferentcontractsindifferentways.
[15].,”StatisticsofJapaneseAgriculture,”mimeographed(NewYork:InstituteofPacificRelations,1941),table17,www.youxs.org.”able-bodiedman-units”areusedinsteadof”numberofmembersperfamily.”ForevidencefromTaiwan,seechapter7ofthisstudy.
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