第15章 佃农理论英语原著 9
- 作者:张五常
- 类型:综合其他
- 更新时间:2021-07-04 15:13:56
- 章节字数:4884字
[1].Insofarasthereismorethanoneindividualwhowantsthesamepropertyresource,petitionisimplied,andthenumberofpetitorsincludesnotonlythosewhoareactuallyusingtheresourcebutalsopotentialowners(users).Theassumptionofzerocontractingcostsubstitutesforthesometimesdubiousassumptionof”pure””contractingcost”arethecosts
[2].Dependingontheproductionfunction,
www.youxs.org
Forsimplicityofpresentation,assumetherearetwohomogeneousfactorsofproduction,handt,wherehis,itfollowsthatthelandsize,h,andtherentalpercentage,r,contractedforeachtenantfarmwillbethesameinequilibrium.
Leteachtenantfarmsproductionfunctionbe
q=q(h,t)
Theamountoflandperfarm,h,isequaltothetotallandholdingofthelandowner,H,dividedbythenumberoffarms,m;thatis,
Thelandownerstotalrent,R,isthenequaltothenumberoffarmstimestherentperfarm;thatis,
R=m·r·q(h,t)
Underpetition,
Wt=(1-r)q(h,t)
whereWisthemarketwagerateofthetenantlabor,t.
TheproblemofthelandowneristhentomaximizeR,throughthechoiceofm,r,andt,subjecttotheconstraintofpetition;[1]thatis,
www.youxs.org·r·q(h,t)
{m,r,t}
subjecttoWt=(1-r)q{h,t)
FormingtheLagrangeanexpression,theproblemisthusthemaximizationof
Thenecessaryconditionsare:
Fromequation(2)above,wehave
λ=m
Andnotingthat
,equation(1)bees
thatis,
Thisindicatesthatrentperacreoflandequalsthemarginalproductoflandinequilibrium,aconditionidenticaltothatofafixed-rentcontract.
Fromequation(3),wehave
orthemarginalproductoftenantlaborequalsthewagerate,,solvingequations(1)and(4)forr,
Thatis,inequilibrium,,inequilibrium,theelasticityofoutputwithrespecttoland,
,equalsthetotalyieldnetoftenantcost(rent)asaportionofthetotalproduct,
[1].,anadnditionsinequilibrium.
www.youxs.org
There,whi/hrepresentstheaverageproductoflandwithonetenantfamilyemployed;thatis,theaverageproductwithrespecttothelandsizewhileholdingallotherfarminginputs(ofonetenantfamily)/h,orthefixedtotaltenantfarmingcostdividedbylandarea,revealsthecostoffarminginputs(otherthanland)whichyieldtheexpectedq/www.youxs.org.[1]
Thatis,f/h=(pt·t+pz·z+……)/h;wherefistheconstanttotalcostotherthanland,andpt,pz,···arethefactorpricesoftenantlabor,t;fertilizers,z;……Sinceweholdthefarminginputsconstant,thef//handf/hdefines(q-f)/h,therentperunitofland,takingintoaccountthealternativecostofthetenant.[2]
Thetotalamountoftenantinputswhichdefinef/harecontrac-tuallystipulated,whichisessentialbeca,,itwouldbetohisinterestthatthecos
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